-->
Mentoring Guide
Thank you for your interest in UnLtd Connect. This guide is intended to provide some helpful suggestions on how to make the most of your experience of supporting a social entrepreneur. The term 'mentor' is used throughout as a term that is familiar to many, and the same principles of mentoring can be applied to other more informal support relationships as touched upon in this guide.
UnLtd's mission is to reach out and unleash the energies of people who can transform the world in which they live. We call these people social entrepreneurs. We believe that individuals have the potential to make positive change in the world around them. We are a unique and dynamic organisation, helping people create change at grass-roots level, where it really makes a difference. We are the world's largest network of its kind, supporting around 1,000 social entrepreneurs each year.
UnLtd Award Winners come from across the UK with diverse backgrounds and cultures; what they have in common is a desire to change the world in which they live. That doesn't mean they necessarily develop complex, global solutions to large-scale issues; often, social entrepreneurs simply take a problem in their own community and make a commitment to tackle it. This may lead to something bigger, or it may not; what makes a true social entrepreneur is that they have the will to make a difference, the vision to know how to go about it and the determination to make that vision happen.
UnLtd Connect is a service designed to help social entrepreneurs realise their potential. We provide connections to mentors, experts and practitioners, including other social entrepreneurs, as well as access to a range of valuable tailored and self-managed resources. Our purpose is to foster relationships between social entrepreneurs, professionals and peers to improve and inspire positive social impact.
UnLtd Connect incorporates the design and delivery of employee engagement programmes for major companies and organisations, and is a key element of the unique support package UnLtd offers social entrepreneurs. Some believe that this non-financial support is equally if not more valuable than funding.
Having a mentor can be one of the most powerful developmental relationships a person can experience. Four out of five chief executives say that having a mentor was one of the keys to their success. Yet a mentor doesn't have to be an aspiring executive to benefit from mentoring. A great number of people from all walks of life and at all stages of their professional development are able to point to deep, personalised mutual learning they have obtained from a relationship with someone who has taken a direct interest in them.
Powerful, often transformational mentoring relationships have helped many of the social entrepreneurs funded by UnLtd to achieve more sustainable ventures and greater personal confidence. Mentoring taps a basic instinct most people share - the desire to pass on their learning, to help other people develop and fulfil their potential.
In general, this is a very positive instinct for both the mentor and the mentee (a social entrepreneur in this case).
However, as we shall see later in this guide, one of the core skills of an effective mentor is knowing when not to share their experience or wisdom with the social entrepreneur, but rather to help them develop and build upon their own.
Good mentors are characterised by their active listening skills, and a high level of self awareness, as well as an ability to provide feedback and the right kind of help when it is needed. They also view the mentoring relationship as one where they can learn too.
Mentoring helps people through significant transitions in their lives. It can help an individual develop on a personal level through building confidence, as well as on a professional level through support in setting up and growing a new business venture. UnLtd supports social entrepreneurs from the very early stages of starting up a new venture through to the more advanced stages of growth and replication. A mentor can provide invaluable support at the different stages along this journey, for example:
Some typical examples of the areas of business mentoring support that a social entrepreneur may need, and the questions they may ask, include:
The clearer you are about your goals for the relationship, the stronger the relationship is likely to be. Goals are important in creating a sense of purpose and urgency in the relationship. The social entrepreneur is much more likely to feel comfortable taking your time and sharing issues with you, if they know that you are enjoying and benefiting from the discussions.
If your motivation is simply altruism ("giving something back"), it is less likely to generate that kind of feeling in the social entrepreneur, than if you are looking for intellectual stimulation and learning for yourself. Before you meet the social entrepreneur formally for the first time, take the time to consider and articulate to yourself why you are doing this.
In the beginning the social entrepreneur needs to articulate - with your help if required, what kind of support they want to receive.
Useful questions include:
It may take several meetings before the social entrepreneur is really clear about the goals. Part of the mentor's role is helping to establish clarity, but setting goals is only half the picture. It is also important to test the social entrepreneur's level of commitment - how much time and effort they are really prepared to put into gaining their goal.
There are simple techniques that provide short cuts. One of these is to ask them to assess their commitment against a ten point scale, from "I won't let anything get in my way" to "I don't have any time". Another is to explore who they are doing it for. Social entrepreneurs are often motivated by personal experience and driven by a passion to want to change society for the better.
A more advanced technique is to help them clarify just how big a change (and therefore how much effort) is really involved. Social entrepreneurs often set their sights on making fundamental changes in society, but they have to start somewhere - which is usually in their local community. Having roughly defined that point, you can ask them where on that journey they think they are now and what the gap is between those two points. With this mental picture, it becomes easier to address the level of effort required to achieve the change.
In principle, it is the social entrepreneur who should play the primary role in managing the relationship - deciding what to talk about, how frequently to meet and how far they wish to explore an issue. In practice however, the mentor may also need to take some of the lead. Building the relationship takes time and patience and it is vital for the mentor to be honest and open throughout the process and set out ground rules and expectations at the first meeting.
The following guidelines are based on experience in a wide variety of mentoring programmes:
Effective Mentors always take time at the beginning of meetings, whether in person or on the telephone, to re-establish the relationship. Because they have a genuine interest in the social entrepreneur, both as a person and as someone bringing an interesting set of challenges, they quickly put them at ease.
You can improve your skills of rapport building by thinking about how you are fulfilling the five key components of rapport. These are:
Rapport is not a one-sided condition. You may need to work with the social entrepreneur to help them develop the confidence to reciprocate. By emphasising to them your need for each of the five elements of rapport, you gradually and patiently build their confidence in you and your goodwill. Research has also shown that rapport comes much more easily if you and the social entrepreneur spend time sharing your values - what motivates you and how you look at the world.
Early on in your mentoring relationship you should begin to feel like a clear sense of direction is being established. This is usually evidenced by:
Many mentoring relationships just fade away as the social entrepreneur finds they need the mentor less. However, it is more satisfying for both parties, and more beneficial in learning terms, if you work towards a planned winding down and a clear ending. Setting an intended end date or achievement point, where the formal relationship will end, helps focus the attention of both mentor and social entrepreneur. As that date nears, you may agree either to extend the relationship (formally or informally) with a new set of goals, or to celebrate its success. The process of celebration makes this a healthy withdrawal and enhances the quality of the friendship, which so often emerges from the relationship.
You will know if it's time to wind up, if:
This guide will be focusing on mentoring as a model of support, however the UnLtd Connect service also offers opportunities to support social entrepreneurs in a variety of different ways:
Mentoring is often confused with some of these other terms - in particular, Advisor or Business Coach. In practice, a mentor may draw on all of these approaches, but they are not the same as coaching, as the chart on the next page indicates
**** | Advisor | Coach | Mentor |
---|---|---|---|
Focus | Guiding | Task and performance; building skills and competence | Building capability |
Key skills | Imparting own experience and wisdom | Giving feedback on performance | Helping learner discover their own knowledge and experience |
Goal orientation | Helps align individual and organisational goals | Helps learner establish goals | Usually works with learner's own goals |
Closeness of relationship | Low - moderate | Moderate | Relatively high, often leading to a strong friendship |
Flow of learning | Mainly one-way | Mainly one-way | Usually two-way |
Here are some of the important things to do:
Mentors play different roles according to the needs of a social entrepreneur
Here are some of the important things to do:
Great mentors are adaptable. They know when to be directive, pushing the social entrepreneur; and when to be relatively passive, letting the social entrepreneur control the relationship dynamic. They know when to focus on stretching and on intellectual growth; and when it is better to concentrate on providing support and nurturing, to help the social entrepreneur cope.
Here are some of the core skills:
Every mentor needs some measure of each of these qualities. However, in most cases, it isn't necessary to be great in all of them. Social entrepreneurs usually don't want a guru or a superhero to work with - they want someone who is human and fallible, but more experienced in certain key areas of how to run a business than they are.
Effective mentoring benefits everyone involved, the mentor, the employer and the social entrepreneur
Benefits to the mentor:
Benefits to the employer (where relevant):
Benefits to UnLtd and the social entrepreneur:
What should the social entrepreneur expect of you? What support will they need?
In effective developmental mentoring relationships, the 'social entrepreneur' should expect:
The mentor deserves the respect and consideration of the social entrepreneur and both will be needed if the relationship is to work well. In particular, the social entrepreneur should:
The following are techniques you may find useful in fulfilling the different support roles on page 16.
The social entrepreneur will most likely have a very different set of experiences, values and ambitions from your own, especially if they work in a different sector, or are from a different culture or generation. It is important to recognise the validity of these, even if you do not fully agree with them. Spending time talking about values is important. So, too, is trying to understand from their point of view, what success means for them personally and for their venture. A generic definition of success is achieving what you value.
Explore with the social entrepreneur how much value they currently place on running a successful venture. Their responses will help you in guiding their choices and provide a useful ground for discussion.
You can help the social entrepreneur develop their networks in two main ways. Firstly, by making useful introductions for them. Secondly, by helping them think through:
Effective mentors almost always become role models to the social entrepreneurs they work with. But they are very aware that the social entrepreneur may adopt their weaknesses as well as their strengths. Behaviours which work for the mentor may not be appropriate for the social entrepreneur. The mentor may need to spend time and effort helping the social entrepreneur assess what they should copy from the mentor and help them think about what behaviours fit best with their personality and strengths.
Plain, straightforward speaking isn't always comfortable to hear for the social entrepreneur, but it is one of the things they are most likely to appreciate. By challenging what they say, especially when there is a gap in their logic or you feel they are avoiding an issue, you give them the opportunity to reflect on issues much more deeply. Typically challenging questions might be:
Sometimes you may just need to be there to listen and help them gain their self-confidence. It may be tempting to jump in and solve their problems for them, but that doesn't build self-reliance.
In some instances it is appropriate for professional volunteers in the UnLtd Connect network to give direct advice depending on the nature of support needed by a social entrepreneur - for example a pro bono lawyer preparing a contract or an accountant designing a cash flow.
In the case of mentoring, the role of giving advice is viewed slightly differently. It is often important for the mentor to hold back on giving advice, in favour of helping the social entrepreneur find their own solution. However, there are times when a simple "This is what you need to do" is also an appropriate approach.
A mentor can help the social entrepreneur learn how to make their intentions clear. If all they want is some simple instruction, or to tap into your experience, a mentor should be able to draw that out of them before you start to respond to their questions. If they want a deeper discussion and a deeper level of learning, the mentor needs to reframe their questions. This could be achieved by looking at what they have already done and how they want to develop.
Effective mentors often follow a pattern of discussion along the lines in the diagram.
They start by re-establishing the relationship, with a relaxing chat, then ask the social entrepreneur to explain what they would like to discuss. They never jump in with advice before going through the stages of getting the facts, as the social entrepreneur sees them. They use their skills of active listening, testing and challenging to see how accurate their perception is, and help the social entrepreneur recognise any patterns or structures in the events described. (For example, how their behaviour stimulates particular responses in someone else).
In this way, the mentor is able to get behind the issue and help the social entrepreneur see that the real problem is often something very different.
Then the mentor might draw upon his or her own experience, to extract some lessons and demonstrate that they understand the issues. A brief summary at this point often helps ensure that both mentor and social entrepreneur are on the same wavelength.
The next phase of discussion is about finding and committing to solutions. The mentor begins by reaffirming his or her confidence in the social entrepreneur's ability to manage the issue. They then discuss alternative ways of dealing with it, and opt to explore one (or more) in detail. Where appropriate, the mentor helps the social entrepreneur set some deadlines and checks that they really are committed to this solution.
The following checklist covers some of the most frequent problems social entrepreneurs report in their relationships with mentors.
Problem | Possible solutions |
---|---|
Our discussions are shallow | The two most common causes are a) the social entrepreneur doesn't have a clear objective for the relationship, or b) they do not yet have sufficient confidence in you to open up about the issues that really concern them. The easiest way to deal with both of these is to confront them head-on. A third cause may be that you are not challenging them sufficiently. |
My social entrepreneur won't talk | Sometimes the social entrepreneur misunderstands the nature of the relationship and expects you simply to give them advice, by talking at them. You can overcome this by making your expectations clear. Of course, there is also the possibility that you are intimidating them by doing too much talking yourself! |
We seem to have run out of steam | Did you have clear objectives for the relationship in the first place? If you did, and you have achieved them, then this is a good point to review whether it is time to: Wind the relationship up and celebrate its success, or set a new goal to work towards. If you didn't set clear goals, then the relationship is probably drifting. You and the social entrepreneur must decide whether it has the potential to be truly beneficial, or you should wind it up. |
Meetings keep getting postponed | How committed is the social entrepreneur to the process and their development goals? If they are committed, are they worried about taking your time? Bringing these questions into the open will help the two of you decide whether to continue. In addition, you may find it helps to move some of the exchanges between you and the social entrepreneur to telephone calls and/or e-mail discussion. |
We don't seem to have much rapport | Some relationships never get off the ground, because the personalities of the mentor and social entrepreneur clash. However, effective mentors can reduce the impact of personality clash by: Respecting the social entrepreneur's values and perspectives, Openly exploring with the social entrepreneur how they are different and what that means in practical terms (both completing and sharing a personality diagnostic, such as Myers Briggs can be very revealing). The key is to confront the lack of rapport and try to work together to resolve it. If you find, however, that you have such different values you can't work together, then admit defeat gracefully and agree mutually to withdraw from the relationship. |
My social entrepreneur expects too much of me | Most often, this happens because you have not set clear expectations of each other at the beginning. Reviewing the "agreement" between you will normally resolve the issue. |
You will almost certainly conduct some of your communication with a social entrepreneur through e-mails, phone calls or some other form of electronic communication. Working with these media requires a different, in many ways, more challenging approach to meeting face-to-face.
Some of the useful guidelines put together from the experience of seasoned e-social entrepreneurs include:
If you are an individual with professional expertise in any of the following areas - business consulting, marketing/PR, law, finance/accounting, online social media, IT, HR, or academia your experience will be very valuable. You could be a manager or owner of a small to medium sized business, a consultant, a senior executive or a partner of a management consulting firm, law firm, accounting firm, PR or advertising company. You could be a university professor or retired. You could be a civil servant with insights to share on effective public service delivery.
You will be well connected and willing to share your influential networks. You will have a track record of problem solving, articulation, communication, and people-development. Your years of investment in building relationships with potential customers and stakeholders and accessing resources will significantly increase the chances of success for social entrepreneurs. If you have experience as an entrepreneur, in starting up small businesses and helping them grow, your experience will be invaluable. You could even be a social entrepreneur yourself.
Not necessarily. The transferable skills in project management and leadership which you've gained - whether it's in the business/ corporate world, the civil service or another sector, will be equally valuable. Providing this professional perspective and sharing your ideas of what's worked for you, can help a social entrepreneur understand the requirements of running a sustainable enterprise. This is the biggest difference you can make. In some cases we look for more specific sector experience, but often it's not essential.
It's likely you will be supporting a very early stage social entrepreneur. The vast majority of individuals that UnLtd funds are sole traders, at the very beginning of their journey in setting up a social venture. They will be testing out ideas and your experience will be crucial in guiding them through the opportunities of this process and raising their confidence to meet the challenges. UnLtd also funds a smaller number of social entrepreneurs who are further along the road in developing their products and/or services and achieving sustainability.
No. Some of the social entrepreneurs. UnLtd funds, run ventures that are set up as registered charities. UnLtd focuses on supporting individuals. The important thing is what the entrepreneur does with the profit i.e. how they re-invest the funds back into the social venture to fund its continuing development. UnLtd looks for core activities that are focused on delivering a positive social benefit (and measureable impact) to society regardless of the legal form adopted. UnLtd social entrepreneurs operate under a range of legal forms, including registered charity, company limited by guarantee (non profit), community interest company, company limited by shares and industrial & provident society.
As a guideline, an advisory/mentoring relationship should last for at least three meetings and continue for as long as a mentor has the interest and time available. We'd encourage meeting once a month for a minimum of three months. Some relationships last several years. The first meeting should last for at least an hour to give you the opportunity to get to know one another and establish how to move the relationship forward. Further contact may take place face-to-face as well as telephone or email.
There are various other ways you can support social entrepreneurs besides one-to-one mentoring. You could host a workshop or clinic for a group of social entrepreneurs in your area of expertise such as marketing or financial planning. This would only take up a few hours of your time. You could also join the Board of a social enterprise as a Non Executive Director.
It's very common that during the course of a business mentoring relationship new issues will arise that fall outside your own skill set. For example a lawyer might be needed to draft a contract. It's important for you to be specific at the very first meeting with a social entrepreneur to explain your key areas of expertise, so there are clear expectations of what you can and cannot offer.
You are likely to feel stretched at times. If support is needed beyond your expertise, we would encourage you to look at your wider peer network or your colleagues, to see if you can bring in their skills. Alternatively you may contact the Connect team to see if this additional support could be obtained from other mentors or volunteers. You could also post a question on the UnLtd Connect Linked In Group.
Providing feedback is an essential part of the process in order to help UnLtd monitor the impact and value of your involvement.
An update once a month is recommended as a minimum.
In terms of the expected outcomes, these should be discussed with the social entrepreneur at the first meeting. Your expertise serves to nurture the growing energy of social entrepreneurship in the UK.
For a social entrepreneur who wants to grow their venture, an outcome could be a more focused business plan, a more developed sales pipeline, or presence in a new market. Others at the very early stage will be looking for support in building their confidence and motivation.
Aims of first meeting
Introductions
Agenda for this meeting
Clarify expectations
Social entrepreneur to give an overview of
Agree objectives for the process
Agree the process for the future
The primary role of an UnLtd mentor is to provide professional expertise to support a social entrepreneur in growing their venture and build a valued and trusted relationship with them.
Essential Criteria
Desirable Criteria
I was very much drawn to the concept of charitable, social enterprises being self-sustaining. I was also amazed at the energy, enthusiasm and dedication of the social entrepreneurs I met as well as their belief in their chosen enterprise. As most enterprises set up by social entrepreneurs are start ups - there was also a clear need for help and a feeling that any such help would make a real difference. It was all of these factors that drew me into getting involved with UnLtd Connect
-- Dominic Gurney-Champion, Field Fisher Waterhouse LLP
Volunteering my time with UnLtd has been hugely rewarding. I felt that I was able to make a real difference and deliver tangible results. At the same time it forced me to think 'out of the box' and consider things from a different perspective than the typical business and financial angle.
-- Christian Rouffaert, Accenture
As a mentor I can use my own experience and knowledge to help guide a young social entrepreneur with a great idea, who may be unsure of which direction to follow next. It is great experience, whilst giving something back to the local community and at the same time will challenge me to think in different ways.
-- Tes Ali, Ernst & Young
I was impressed by my mentor's ability to grasp the concept of my business and develop the idea so quickly. He is very positive and I leave our meetings feeling clear and motivated with action points and a time frame. Amazing! I like him very much too and find him interesting and interested; he is a good listener and immediately saw the strengths, weaknesses, as well as the potential, in the project.
-- Helen Tindale, Founder, Culinary and Crafts Boutique Hotel (referring to mentor Hichem Omezzine, Actis)
On a personal level my mentor has helped me tackle some of my weaker areas such as managing budgets and financial projections. He has listened and worked within my own capability and I have gained more confidence as a result, but also no longer feel guilty for not being good at managing all aspects of the business. He has also worked hard to understand the aims of Bridges, the client group of people with strokes, and my potential market, which consists of people that commission training for health and social care professionals.
-- Fiona Jones, Founder, Bridges Stroke Self Management (referring to mentor Will Nicholson, Ernst & Young)
The support from Isabelle, my mentor has been instrumental in keeping our project on track. As a social entrepreneur working on your own it can be difficult to stay focused and motivated through setbacks. Isabelle has an excellent business brain and all the skills of business planning that has supported me in the development of Accessible Event Promotions
-- Mickey Fellowes, Founder, Accessible Event Promotions (referring to mentor Isabelle Farquhar, Singulier)
Pro bono business advice and mentoring
Legal Advice
Marketing, PR & Media
IT/Web
Finance